References - Geographic Atrophy

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  33. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. Natural History of Drusenoid Pigment Epithelial Detachment in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: AREDS report nº 28. Ophthalmology. 2010;117:489-499.
     
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  42. Kim SY, Sadda S, Humayun MS, et al. Morphometric Analysis of the Macula in Eyes With Geographic Atrophy due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Retina. 2002;22:464-470.
     
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  46. Anderson DH, Mullins RF, Hageman GS, et al. A Role for Local Inflammation in the Formation of Drusen in the Aging Eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134:411-431.
     
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  48. Bischoff P, Speiser P. The role of angiography in age-related macular degeneration. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1997;210:296-8.
     
  49. Shuman JS, Puliafito CA, Fujimoto JG, et al. Optical Coherence Tomography of Ocular Diseases. Second edition. Slack, 2004.
     
  50. Bearelly S, Chau FY, Koreishi A, et al. Spectral Domain Coherence Tomography Imaging of Geographic Atrophy Margins. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:1762-1769.
     
  51. Fleckenstein M, Issa PC, Holz FG, et al. High-Resolution Spectral Domain-OCT Imaging in Geographic Atrophy Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49(9):4137-4144.
     
  52. Karl G Csaky. What Should We Be Measuring as a Geographic Atrophy Endpoint? AAO Subspeciality Day Retina Sillabus.2015; p154-156.
     
  53. Wu Z, Luu CD, Ayton LN, et al. Optical coherence tomography- defined changes preceding the development of drusen-associated atrophy in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:2415-2422.
     
  54. Ouyang Y, Heussen FM, Hariri A, et al. Optical coherence tomography-based observation of the natural history of drusenoid lesion in eyes with dry age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2013;120:2656-2665.
     
  55. Delori FC, Dorey CK, Staurenghi G, et al. In Vivo Fluorescence of the Ocular Fundus Exhibits Retinal Pigment Epithelium Lipofuscin Characteristics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:718-729.
     
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  59. Von Ruckmann A, Fitzke FW, Bird AC. Fundus Autofluorescence in Age-Related Macular Disease Imaged with Laser scanning Ophthalmoscope. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:478-86.
     
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  61. Schmitz-Valkenberg S, Bültmann S, Dreyhaupy J, et al. Fundus autofluorescence and fundus perimetry in the junctional zone of geographic atrophy in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:4470-4476.
     
  62. Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Bindewald-Wittich A, Dolar-Szczasny J, et al. Fundus Autofluorescence and Fundus Perimetry in the Junctional Zone of Geographic Atrophy in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:2648-2654.
     
  63. Bindewald A, Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Jorzik JJ et al. Classification of abnormal fundus autofluorescence patterns in the junctional zone of geographic atrophy in patients with age related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89(7):874-8.
     
  64. Holz FG, Bindewald-Wittich A, Fleckenstein M et al. Progression of geographic atrophy and impact of fundus autofluorescence patterns in age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;143(3):463-72.
     
  65. Suness JS, Gonzalez-Baron J, Bressler NM, et al. The Development of Choroidal Neovascularization in Eyes with Geographic Atrophy Form of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1999;106:910-919.
     
  66. Suness JS, Margalit E, Bressler NM, et al. The Long-term Natural History of Geographic Atrophy from Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Enlargement of Atrophy and Implications for Interventional Clinical Trials. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:271-277.
     
  67. Schatz H, McDonald HR. Atrophic Macular Degeneration. Rate of Spread of Geographic Atrophy and Visual Loss. Ophthalmology. 1989;96:1541-1551.
     
  68. Bellmann C, Jorzik J, Spital G, et al. Symmetry of bilateral lesions in geographic atrophy in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2002;120:579-584.
     
  69. Klein R, Meuer SM, Knudtson MD, Klein BE. The epidemiology of progression of pure geographic atrophy: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:692–699.
     
  70. Suness JS, Rubin GS, Broman A, et al. Low luminance Visual Dysfunction as a Predictor of Subsequent Visual Loss From Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:1480-1488.
     
  71. Maguire P, Vine AK. Geographic Atrophy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Am J Ophthalmol. 1986;102:621-625.
     
  72. Suness JS, Gonzalez-Baron J, Applegate CA, et al. Enlargement of Atrophy and Visual Acuity Loss in the Geographic Atrophy Form of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1999;106:1768-1779.
     
  73. Suness JS, Applegate CA, Bressler NM, et al. Visual Function Abnormalities and Prognosis in Eyes with Age-Related Geographic Atrophy of the Macula and Good Visual Acuity. Ophthalmology. 1997;104(10):1677-1691.
     
  74. Davis MD, Gangnon RE, Lee LY, et al. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study severity scale for age-related macular degeneration: AREDS Report No. 17. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123:1484–1498.
     
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  76. Macular Photocoagulation Study Group. Risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in the second eye of patients with juxtafoveal or subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:741–747.
     
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  92. Zhang K, Hopkins JJ, Heier JS, et al. Ciliary neurotrophic factor delivered by encapsulated cell intraocular implants for treatment of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108:6241–5.
     
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  98. Schwartz SD, Regillo CD, Lam BL, et al. Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium in patients with age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's macular dystrophy: follow-up of two open-label phase 1/2 studies. Lancet. 2015;385(9967):509–516.
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